Policymakers have a number of opportunities for shaping the adoption
and impact of AV technologies. Key questions include:
• How, if at all, should the use of AVs be regulated, and at what
level?
• What kinds of vehicles should be allowed on the road, and who is
allowed to operate them?
• How should the safety of AVs be tested, and by whom? To what
safety standards should AVs be held?
• How might different liability regimes shape the timely and safe
adoption of AVs, and what are the tradeoffs? Under what conditions
would limitations on tort liability be appropriate?
• What are the implications of a patchwork of state-by-state laws
and regulations, and what are the tradeoffs in harmonizing these
policies?
• To what extent should policymakers encourage the adoption of
AVs; e.g., through smart road infrastructure, dedicated highway
lanes, manufacturer or consumer incentives?
Different policymaking bodies will have different roles in addressing
these questions. In recent years, state legislatures have passed laws
on what types of AVs may be driven, and have directed DMVs to clarify
testing and regulation procedures. Legislatures may also be responsible
for providing specific incentives for manufacturers to create AVs
and for the public to adopt them. Historically, DMVs test the safety
of and regulate drivers (i.e., issuing driver’s licenses), while federal
bodies like NHTSA regulate and test the safety of vehicles. AVs blur
the line between vehicle and driver, and DMVs are beginning to test
and license AVs. State DOTs maintain and operate highway infrastructure,
and thus would be responsible for any investments in intelligent
infrastructure or the creation and operation of dedicated lanes for AVs.
The goal of this report is to summarize available information on
AV technologies, identify the most salient policy issues, and provide
tentative guidance to policymakers. At the outset, we must note that
there are far more questions than answers. Further research can and
should be conducted on almost every topic we touch.
The remainder of the report is organized as follows. Chapter
Two summarizes the potential of these technologies to improve social
welfare and potential detrimental effects. Chapter Three summarizes
recent state legislation in this area. In Chapter Four, we review the history
of AV technology and discuss its current status. In Chapter Five,
we address the particular policy issues raised by telematics and communications
issues. In Chapter Six, we address the role of standards
and regulations. In Chapter Seven, we discuss the liability implications
of AV technology and the risks that are raised to the goal of maximizing
social welfare. Chapter Eight summarizes the policy implications
of this work and proposes some tentative suggestions. We also summarize
our findings and propose directions for further research in this
area.
Research by : http://www.rand.org/
and impact of AV technologies. Key questions include:
• How, if at all, should the use of AVs be regulated, and at what
level?
• What kinds of vehicles should be allowed on the road, and who is
allowed to operate them?
• How should the safety of AVs be tested, and by whom? To what
safety standards should AVs be held?
• How might different liability regimes shape the timely and safe
adoption of AVs, and what are the tradeoffs? Under what conditions
would limitations on tort liability be appropriate?
• What are the implications of a patchwork of state-by-state laws
and regulations, and what are the tradeoffs in harmonizing these
policies?
• To what extent should policymakers encourage the adoption of
AVs; e.g., through smart road infrastructure, dedicated highway
lanes, manufacturer or consumer incentives?
Different policymaking bodies will have different roles in addressing
these questions. In recent years, state legislatures have passed laws
on what types of AVs may be driven, and have directed DMVs to clarify
testing and regulation procedures. Legislatures may also be responsible
for providing specific incentives for manufacturers to create AVs
and for the public to adopt them. Historically, DMVs test the safety
of and regulate drivers (i.e., issuing driver’s licenses), while federal
bodies like NHTSA regulate and test the safety of vehicles. AVs blur
the line between vehicle and driver, and DMVs are beginning to test
and license AVs. State DOTs maintain and operate highway infrastructure,
and thus would be responsible for any investments in intelligent
infrastructure or the creation and operation of dedicated lanes for AVs.
The goal of this report is to summarize available information on
AV technologies, identify the most salient policy issues, and provide
tentative guidance to policymakers. At the outset, we must note that
there are far more questions than answers. Further research can and
should be conducted on almost every topic we touch.
The remainder of the report is organized as follows. Chapter
Two summarizes the potential of these technologies to improve social
welfare and potential detrimental effects. Chapter Three summarizes
recent state legislation in this area. In Chapter Four, we review the history
of AV technology and discuss its current status. In Chapter Five,
we address the particular policy issues raised by telematics and communications
issues. In Chapter Six, we address the role of standards
and regulations. In Chapter Seven, we discuss the liability implications
of AV technology and the risks that are raised to the goal of maximizing
social welfare. Chapter Eight summarizes the policy implications
of this work and proposes some tentative suggestions. We also summarize
our findings and propose directions for further research in this
area.
Research by : http://www.rand.org/
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